Screening of marine actinomycetes as probiotics for production of bacteriocin bharti prakashwadekar and smita m. Handbook of anticancer drugs from marine origin sekwon kim. The early exploratory studies by mccormack 1935 and alexopoulos and herrick 19381942 were followed by the intensive studies by professor s. Taxonomy and polyphasic characterization of alkaline amylase. The objective of this investigation was to isolation and screening of marine bacteria for lasparaginase activity.
This turned out to be the case and presented an opportunity to proceed with an expanded effort to isolate and characterize new marine derived actinomycetes. This great diversity of marine actinomycetes has offered greater chemical diversity. Jul 15, 2004 in the subsequent expedition 2002 papua new guinea, we sought to determine whether this isolation procedure was indeed selective for this group of marine derived actinomycetes. Our recent survey of draft genome sequences of fjordderived actinomycetes strongly suggests that some nonstreptomycete isolates have a significant. This book titled a closer look at actinomycetes is a compilation of articles which deals with interesting topics such as actinomycetes as microbial drug factories, endophytic fungi from special habitats of pakistan as well as strategies for exploration of actinomycetes diversity and the taxonomy of actinomycetes should be of great. Source, identification, and their applications mukesh sharma, pinki dangi and meenakshi choudhary department of biotechnology, jaipur institute of biotechnology, maharaj vinayak global university, jaipur rajasthan india corresponding author a b s t r a c t production of primary and secondary metabolites int. Nutraceuticals from microbes of marine sources intechopen. Apr 30, 2012 actinomycetes from terrestrial sources have been studied and screened since the 1950s, yielding many important anti infective and anti cancer drugs. Table 1 shows some examples of new secondary metabolites isolated from marine actinomycetes from 2005 to 2010. Anticancer property of sediment actinomycetes against mcf7. Anticancer and antimicrobial assays identified streptomyces. Advances in biotechnology abstract there is an urgent need for new drugs with increasing threat posed by multidrug resistant bacteria. The extracts of this microbe showed potent invitro antifungal activity against drug resistant fungal strains. Until now, the search of actinomycetes producing new types of bioactive compounds continues.
Among the various sources of natural products actinomycetes hold prominent position due to their diversity and proven ability to produce bioactive metabolites. Twenty percent of all drugs approval by fda comes from collaborations or acquisitions, with a rate of 50% failure rate in phase iii. Invitro antitumor activity and metabolic finger printing of. School of biosciences and technology, vit university,vellore632014. They are meant to serve as a complement to conventional approaches such as surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy.
Pdf novel anticancer compounds from marine actinomycetes. It is increasingly evident that the true biological origin of many metabolites isolated from certain marine microorganisms. In this connection, the present study was made an attempt to find out the anticancer property from marine sediment actinomycetes against two different breast cancer cell lines. Antitumor compounds from marine actinomycetes 20052009. Their function as a new and important resource in novel, anticancer drug discovery. Isolation strategies directed toward new marinederived actinomycetes have been lacking, but it is clear that such procedures will increase the understanding of marine bacterial diversity. Actinomycetes are the potential sources of novel metabolites, therapeutic compounds, enzymes, and other chemicals. Notably, most of the bioactive molecules from marine actinomycetes have been discovered in the representatives of streptomyces spp. Marinederived actinomycetes have demonstrated an ability to produce novel. Compared to their terrestrial counterparts, marine aromatic polyketides have been less discovered and their structural and biological diversities are far from being fully investigated. Marine sponge derived actinomycetes and their anticancer. Existence of actinomycetes has been reported in the hitherto untapped marine ecosystem. Screening of marine actinomycetes as probiotics for. Marine actinomycetes, antimicrobial activity, antioxidant activity, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces.
In the subsequent expedition 2002 papua new guinea, we sought to determine whether this isolation procedure was indeed selective for this group of marinederived actinomycetes. Exploring novel bioactive compounds from marine microbes. Marine pharmacology offers the scope for research on these drugs of marine origin. Although the exploitation of marine actinomycetes as a source for discovery of novel secondary metabolites is at an early stage, numerous novel metabolites have been isolated in the past few years. Anticancer potential of metabolic compounds from marine. However, the distribution of actinobacteria in the sea is largely unexplored and. But, studies related with the biopotential activities of anticancer metabolites from marine actinomycetes based drug discovery are too limited.
This turned out to be the case and presented an opportunity to proceed with an expanded effort to isolate and characterize new marinederived actinomycetes. Antitumor compounds from marine actinomycetes mdpi. The prokaryotic marine actinomycetes continue to be an important source of bioactive secondary metabolites and potent cytotoxic compounds. Actinobacteria have high guanine and cytosine content in their dna. In this study, 90 actinomycetes were isolated from 11 different species of marine sponges that had been collected from offshore ras mohamed egypt and from rovinj croatia. Screening of marine actinobacteria for antimicrobial compounds. The handbook also places into context the demand for anticancer nutraceuticals and their use as potential anticancer pharmaceuticals and medicines. Until recently, the majority of natural products have been isolated from terrestrial sources.
This research book presents a broad view of the current interest in actinomycetes, ranging from isolationscreening of actinomycetes, discovery of new antibiotics, a substantial contribution on genetic manipulation to actinomycetes in agriculture, forestry, and the threat of actinomycetes as pollutants in the environment. In the past few decades, there have been many reports of anticancer activity in actinobacteria isolated from marine environments. These organisms have evolved with greatest genomic and metabolic diversity and hence efforts have been directed towards exploring marine actinomycetes as a source for the discovery of novel secondary metabolites 3. We hypothesized that the marine actinomycetes strains present in lagos lagoon sediment produce metabolic compounds with potent anticancer potential. Handbook of anticancer drugs from marine origin springerlink. However, frequent rediscovery of the same compounds in terrestrial actinomycetes have made them less attractive for screening programs in the recent years. Novel anticancer compounds from marine actinomycetes. Waksman and his students 19431951 which culminated in the discovery of streptomycin and other new and potentially useful chemotherapeutic agents. Improved recovery yields of marine actinomycetes from sponges using nutrient supplements and enzymes have been reported these recent successes are the first step in the right direction.
A 2006 university of wisconsin study reported that marine toxins can bind to a cell component called actin and that this interaction can disable rapidly growing cells, such as cancer cells. Paper open access related content screening of marine. Potential bioactive compound from marine actinomycetes. Anticancer describes natural methods of health care that contribute to preventing the development of cancer or to bolstering treatment. A large number of novel compounds and enzymes from halophilic actinomycetes have been. Marine actinobacteria are rich sources of novel antibiotics, and here we report the discovery of a novel alkaloid, xinghaiamine a, from a marine derived actinomycete streptomyces xinghaiensis nrrl b24674t. Actinomycetes isolated from marine sediments along the southeast coast of bay of bengal were investigated for amylolytic activity.
Chemotherapy is one of the main treatments used to combat cancer. Isolation and screening of marine bacteria producing anti cancer enzyme lasparaginase. However, frequent rediscovery of the same compounds in terrestrial actinomycetes have made them less attractive for. Due to the increasing emergence of drugresistant bacteria and tumor cell lines, novel antibiotics with antibacterial and cytotoxic activities are urgently needed. Most prevalent antitumor compounds produced by marine actinomycetes worldwide 20052009.
Evaluation of antimicrobial and anticancer activity of secondary metabolites from marine actinomycetes raja sekhar reddy athoor1 and a. The actinomycetales are an order of actinobacteria. In spite of above studies on asparaginase production by bacteria from marine sediments, no literature is available on enzyme production bacteria, isolated from marine water. In silico anticancer activity prediction of secondary. Marine natural products natural products are organic molecules derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms, and represent the starting point for most of the antiinfective and anticancer drugs on the market today. The isolate produced alkaline amylase with maximum amylolytic activity at ph 9. Marine actinomycetes are efficient producers of new secondary metabolites that show a range of biological activities including antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, insecticidal and enzyme inhibition. Actinobacteriaderived antibiotics that are important in medicine include aminoglycosides, anthracyclines, chloramphenicol, macrolide, tetracyclines, etc. Marine actinobacteria are rich sources of novel antibiotics, and here we report the discovery of a novel alkaloid, xinghaiamine a, from a marinederived actinomycete streptomyces xinghaiensis nrrl b24674t. This timely desk reference focuses on marinederived bioactive substances which have biological, medical and industrial applications. Caerulomycin aan antifungal compound isolated from marine.
This study of advanced and future types of natural compounds from marine sources is written to facilitate the understanding of biotechnology and its application to marine natural product drug. A great number of anticancer agents are natural products or their derivatives, mainly produced by microorganisms and the actinomycetes are prolific producers of pharmacologically important compounds, accounting for about 70 % of the naturally derived antibiotics that are currently in clinical. Discovery of novel metabolites from marine actinomycetes. They are used for new drug developments extensively across the world. Most likely, this bias reflects the fact that marine streptomyces, like their terrestrial relatives, are easier to culture and to induce synthesis of secondary metabolites compared to other marine actinomycetes. Janardhan2 1department of molecular biology, school of life sciences, university of skovde, sweden 2department of virology, college of sciences, sri venkateswara university, tirupati, india. Marine actinomycete btss 1001 producing an alkaline amylase was identified from marine sediment of diviseema coast, bay of bengal. Marine actinomycetes as an emerging resource for the drug. Marinomycins ad, antitumorantibiotics of a new structure class from a marine actinomycete of the recently discovered genus marinispora cheminform 2006, 37 24 doi. Actinomycetes from terrestrial sources have been studied and screened since the 1950s, yielding many important antiinfective and anticancer drugs.
There is tremendous diversity and novelty among the marine actinomycetes present in marine environments. Among them, the applications of halophilic actinomycetes toward the medically. A 2006 university of wisconsin study reported that marine toxins can bind to a cell component called actin and that this interaction. A closer look at actinomycetes nova science publishers. Hence the present study focuses on isolation and screening of marine bacteria for anticancer lasparaginase production from marine water. Evaluation of antimicrobial and anticancer activity of. These aquatic organisms are screened for antibacterial, immunomodulator, anti fungal, anti inflammatory, anticancer, antimicrobial, neuroprotective, analgesic, and antimalarial properties. Novel bioactive molecules from marine actinomycetes. Bioactive compounds from marine actinomycetes springerlink. Aromatic polyketides from marine actinomycetes have received increasing attention due to their unusual structures and potent bioactivities. The research exploration of marine actinomycetes is aimed to explore the indigenous species which. Chinikomycin b showed selective antitumor activity against the mammary cancer cell line maxf 401nl ic50 of 3. Antibacterial and anticancer activity of marine streptomyces parvus.
Isolation and screening of marine bacteria producing anti. As marine microorganisms, particularly actinomycetes, have evolved with the greatest genomic and metabolic diversity jensen 2010, efforts should be directed towards exploring marine actinomycetes as a source of novel secondary metabolites. Antitumor compounds from actinomycetes in deepsea water of toyama bay. In principal marine actinomycetes strains which live under extreme conditions which include low temperature, high pressure, variable salinity, variable oxygen concentrations and lack of light have proven themselves for having unique metabolic machinery for the production of novel compounds with various biological activities bull et al. The diverse chemical compounds of marine actinomycetes have been found to have various biological activities such as antimicrobial, antitumor, antimalarial, antialgal, antioxidant, antiinflammatory etc. Novel antiinfective secondary metabolites and biosynthetic. The handbook also places into context the demand for anticancer nutraceuticals and their use as potential anti cancer pharmaceuticals and medicines.
Home of the internationally acclaimed, new york times best seller. Marine actinomycetes, anti microbial activity, anti oxidant activity, pseudomonas aeruginosa, aspergillus niger, streptomyces. Isolation and characterization of novel marinederived. Antitumor compounds from marine actinomycetes ncbi. Book chapters invitation biological synthesis of nanoparticles and its. Oct 31, 2016 in principal marine actinomycetes strains which live under extreme conditions which include low temperature, high pressure, variable salinity, variable oxygen concentrations and lack of light have proven themselves for having unique metabolic machinery for the production of novel compounds with various biological activities bull et al. In our inhouse screening program in the quest of novel and superior antifungal compounds, an actinomycetes strain pm0525875 was isolated from a marine invertebrate. The madeira archipelago as a significant source of marinederived. Hypersaline actinomycetes and their biological applications. Here we describe a new selective enrichment procedure that has resulted in the discovery of two novel actinomycete taxa from marine sediments collected from the bismarck sea and the solomon sea off the coast of papua new guinea.
Among them, the applications of halophilic actinomycetes toward the medically and industrially important metabolites and enzymes are gaining increasing attention by the scientific community. Dharmadhikari department of microbiology, government institute of science, aurangabad, maharastra, india corresponding author abstract introduction marine environment are opening an unexpected new horizon for finding novel. Further development work in improving isolation strategies in the recovery of marine actinomycetes is of utmost. A great number of anticancer agents are natural products or their derivatives, mainly produced by microorganisms and the actinomycetes are prolific producers of pharmacologically important compounds, accounting for about 70 % of the naturally derived antibiotics that are currently in clinical use. A member of the order is often called an actinomycete the actinomycetes are diverse and contain a variety of subdivisions, as well as yetunclassified isolates, mainly because some genera are difficult to classify because of a highly nichedependent phenotype. Marine natural products natural products are organic molecules derived from plants, animals, or microorganisms, and represent the starting point for most of the anti infective and anti cancer drugs on the market today. Therefore, the data from the last few years show that the pharmaceutical itself have showed low productivity in proportion to the total number of drugs approval and while the biotech industry show higher number of drug approvals by fda, the rate of failure is. Marine biotechnology is an upcoming area that involves about the study of marine microorganisms and animals including algae, sponges, and coral as a novel source of bioactive substances that can be used in the treatment of various human diseases like cancer, anemia, diarrhea, obesity, diabetes, atopic dermatitis, crohns disease, etc. Isolation and characterization of marine antagonistic actinomycetes from west coast of india 15 both e. High throughput cultivation for isolation of novel marine. Four antitumorantibiotics of a new structure class, the marinomycins a. A great number of antitumor compounds are natural products or their derivatives, mainly. Indeed, the marine environment is virtually an untapped source of novel actinobacteria diversity 10,11 and, therefore, of new metabolites 1214.
Terrestrial actinomycetes are noteworthy producers of a multitude of antibiotics, however the marine representatives are much less studied in this regard. Isolation and screening of marine bacteria producing anticancer enzyme lasparaginase. The diverse chemical compounds of marine actinomycetes have been found to have various biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti tumor, anti malarial, anti algal, antioxidant, anti inflammatory etc. Special issue natural products from marine actinomycetes. A large number of novel compounds and enzymes from halophilic actinomycetes have. Triterpenoids as anticancer drugs from marine sponges. Discovery of novel metabolites from marine actinomycetes kin s lam rece nt.